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Monitoring for signs of anemia is indeed crucial for patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD). This genetic enzyme deficiency can lead to hemolytic anemia, especially after exposure to certain triggers such as specific medications, infections, or foods like fava beans. Patients with G6PDD have a reduced ability to protect their red blood cells from oxidative stress, which can lead to the premature destruction of these cells. Therefore, regular assessments for anemia, which may present as fatigue, pallor, and elevated heart rate, are essential in the management of these patients to detect and address any hemolytic episodes promptly.

While monitoring for hyperglycemia, dehydration, and elevated blood pressure may be relevant in other contexts or conditions, they are not specifically critical in the monitoring of G6PDD. Hyperglycemia is primarily a concern in diabetes, dehydration can be a general concern in many patients, and elevated blood pressure is important but not directly related to the complications of G6PDD. Thus, the focus on signs of anemia is justified since it directly relates to the risks associated with this enzyme deficiency.